Initiation into Shamanic Plant Medicine

Photo Credit: Francesco Sammarco
Restrictions of the Plant Diet
Total sexual abstinence is required during the dieta (beginning from at least fifteen days before until thirty days after the completion of the training), as well as maintaining a good degree of isolation. Guests doing the shamanic dieta shouldn’t expose themselves neither to direct sunlight nor to the rain (to avoid problems of sensitivity to humidity), and should avoid contact with strong smells (like perfumes and deodorants, exception made for those perfumes which have a specific shamanic use). Also, the diet may not be interrupted/curtailed, and one must fully commit to the period chosen for his/her apprenticeship.
Food restrictions in the Plant Diet as practiced in Ashi Meraya
The usual food restrictions apply: very little to no salt, very little to no sugar, no vinegar, little to no sweets, no spices or chilli, no fats, little to no oil, little to no seasoning, no canned food, no stimulants, no alcohol, no red meat (from farmed animals), and strictly no pork.
Food allowed in the Plant Diet
We have relaxed a bit the strict food restrictions on the plant diet, to make it more flexible and accessible to potential candidates who may not need to enter into the hardships of the traditional Amazonian training to follow the path of the shaman. Yet, some food from the list below – as specified – may require the final approval of the maestro you will be dieting with, so please ultimately check directly with him. When having food not otherwise allowed, the shaman may need to sing special icaros to the dietero/a to grant a status of energetic/spiritual protection and purification.
Different shamans have different styles and degrees of acceptance as for what food might or might not be allowed during the dieta:
. fish (the best is the Boquichico)
. free range chicken
. free range eggs
. green plantains (roasted, grilled or boiled)
. green bananas (roasted, grilled or boiled)
. apples (subject to the shaman’s approval)
. rice
. potatoes (subject to the shaman’s approval)
. spaghetti/noodles
. broccoli (subject to the shaman’s approval)
. onions
. garlic
. carrots (subject to the shaman’s approval)
. game (subject to the shaman’s approval)
. white or wholemeal bread
. beans
. oat
. lemongrass (hierba luisa) tea
. chamomile tea
All food has to be almost unseasoned. Fish and meat will be served either roasted, grilled or boiled. Fish may be served also smoked. According to these indications, you may therefore expect to be served vegetable soups, ‘pescado a la Shipiba’ (roasted fish wrapped in a leaf), meat soups (game, chicken) with yucca, fish soup with green plantains, among other dishes.
NOTE: You may NOT take part to any of the tours/excursions (either optional and/or included) offered as part of the Ayahuasca retreat.
What you may do
- Read, listen to – or play – (appropriate, contemplative) music (acoustic instruments only, respecting the peace of other people).
- Write, rest, sleep, dream, have visions, meditate.
- Take Ayahuasca together with the shaman (according to your tailor-made calendar)
- Learn how to conduct Ayahuasca ceremonies – helping the shaman during the rituals.
- Smoke mapacho (black jungle tobacco) and Toe’ (under the guidance of the shaman, during the allocated nights for the ritual).
- Walk around the ethnobotanical garden circuit (always remembering that the diet is more about not-doing rather than doing much or over-doing!!).
- Chill out in the dieteros area.
With the shamanic diet one will be in tune with the Plant Spirit’s subtle world, and become more sensitive to the plants’ energies. Part of the teaching – the “theoretical” part – happen in dreaming and through visions, when the spirit of the plants, the ”genios de las plantas maestras”, come and reveal things to the apprentice-shaman.
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Although we have provided below – for informative and research purposes only – a “calendar” of the plants that a candidate shaman may be dieting with, following the traditional dieta for a whole year, for technical-logistic reasons, at the present we shall only be able to accept – subject to previous screening – dieteros for up to a maximum time of 24 weeks. Longer periods may be agreed on, only for those with extensive previous experience and who speaks Spanish. Upon successful completion of this first phase of training, you may then re-book for a further period, at another time, from a minimum of 2 weeks onwards.

Calendar of the Plant Diet
Not all plants may be dieted for the same length of time, as each one of them has different qualities, properties and various degree of potency. Therefore a specific minimum and maximum assigned time must be observed during the dieta. Some plants may be dieted for long periods, like the Piñon Blanco and the Piñon Colorado, others not, but each plant will demand a gradual approach, along the coordinates indicated by the shaman in the calendar below.
For instance, you may diet with the plant Piñon Colorado, from 2 weeks up to 25 weeks, but may not diet (unless you have already dieted this plant previously, or unless you are doing a diet tester) at the beginning with the powerful Toe’ (Brugmansia suaveolens, also known as Floripondio, a very strong psychotropic plant) which may usually be dieted from the sixth month (26th week) of the dieta. Again, please remember that each shaman will have his/her own calendar which may adhere with more or less flexibility to the one offered below. Moena Alcanfor (Ocotea sp.), another palo maestro, may be dieted only from the sixth month (26th week) of the diet, and for a maximum period of one year (which would mean, effectively, to engage in a diet of a maximum of eighteen months. Whilst the Lupuna blanca (Ceiba sp.) tree, may dieted only beginning from the ninth month (39th week) of the dieta.
Other palos maestros, like the Chiric sanango (Brunfelsia grandiflora) – another sacred plant often used by Amazonian shamans and curanderos as favourite admixture to the ayahuasca brew, for special initiations and for bad luck – may be dieted as well for a long time, but this time from just the 4th week of the dieta, up until the 52nd week. That is, for a full eleven months.
Requirements of the Plant Diet
During the entire period of the diet – whether done with plantas, sogas or palos, and for whatever length this may be – every dietero/a is absolutely required to maintain celibacy. A period of segregation in the selva should be observed whilst you will always be under the guidance and tutelage of the shaman. Regardless of that, the apprentice/candidate may be helping the shaman in preparing the ritual herbal/floral baths for other people attending the retreat and also during all ayahuasca ceremonies.
It is not possible to break the shamanic diet, as this training requires a rigorous type of traditional apprenticeship. The timing when one might temporarily suspend his/her training with the plants, i.e. the temporary diet suspensions (“descansos”), when allowed by the shaman will be given to the dietero/a, as a specific, individual, personalized calendar showing the days of the dieta, with the plants one will be dieting with, the periods of “descanso” and the days when ayahuasca may be drunk. In a one-month shamanic plant diet, for instance, it won’t be normally be possible for a dietero/a to go to town. In a three months plant diet, this may be done usually only at the end of the diet. In a one year plant diet apprenticeship, for at least the first three – to six – months of the dieta. In certain circumstances, assessed only by the shaman, if one is proceeding very well with the training, and his/her shamanic apprenticeship with the plants is going fast and well, then the maestro may decide that one is ready for an earlier, temporary suspension of the dieta.
Click here to see the calendar of the shamanic plant diet, where you shall be able to find more detailed info on how the plant diet and ayahuasca work synergistically together.
List of Plant Teachers one may diet with
The following is a progressive list of the plant teachers (plantas, sogas and palos) that may be dieted in Ashi Meraya, under the guidance of the shaman, and within the frame of time indicated. One may usually choose to diet with any of these plants, subject to availability, and within the time category they fell in. Please note that – no matter how hyper-specific the info here provided effectively is, the type of the plants you may diet with, and the time allocated to each diet with a specific plant, may still vary from shaman to shaman. Therefore everything said here should be taken as a broad idea of how the shamanic diet training may gradually evolve, rather than a clear-cut of how it will be in your specific case.
Each maestro/a has his/her own different style of working with the plants, his/her own predilections, and his/her own approach to knowledge. It’s impossible to categorize in fixed schemes something like the shamanic plant diet initiation, which has such a broad spectrum of individual approaches, virtually changing from shaman to shaman, even within the same ethnic group:
Ajos Sacha

< 1 Month Diet (2-3 Weeks)
Plants (Plantas)
Ajos Sacha (Mansoa alliacea; Luna 1999:12): used also for ritual baths (baños de florecimiento) to attract good luck in love or business.
Piñon Blanco (Jatropha curcas)
Piñon Negro or Piñon Colorado (Jatropha gossypifolia; “used as defence against evil sorcerers”, Luna 1999:136)
Sacha Mango, Sacha Mangua (Grias peruviana; an edible fruit: Duke & Vasquez 1994:82)
Yahuar Piripiri (Eleutherine bulbosa; Luna 1999:54)
Vines (Sogas)
Motelo Sacha (Unidentified)
Tambor Huasca (Unidentified)
Uña de Gato de Siete Capas (Uncaria tomentosa? Duke & Vasquez 1994:172)
Trees (Palos)
Bellaco Caspi (Himantanthus sucuuba, “used in the extraction of the magic dart or virote”; Luna 1986:67)
Medicines
Comejen (The diet with this medicine is traditionally thought to be useful in cases of healing from gastro-intestinal conditions – including intestinal or stomach cancer – ulcers, and other internal wounds).
Miel de Abeja (Honey)
Piñon Colorado

1 Month < 3 Months Diet (4 to 11 weeks)
Plants (Plantas)
Cambio de renaco (Unidentified)
Huacra renaco (Unidentified)
Piñon Blanco (Jatropha curcas)
Piñon Negro, or Piñon Colorado (Jatropha gossypifolia)
Renaquilla con hojas anchas (literally: “Renaquilla with wide leaves”; Unidentified; see note below)
Renaquilla con hojas lanuda (literally: “Renaquilla with woolly leaves”; Unidentified; see note below)
Sacha Mango (Grias peruviana)
Trees (Palos)
Abuelo renaco (Ficus sp.?)
Chiric sanango (Brunfelsia grandiflora; Luna 1999:72; a shrubby tree)
Renaquilla hoja menuda (literally: “Renaquilla with small leaves”; Unidentified; see note below)
Renaquilla hoja larga (literally: “Renaquilla with large leaves”; Unidentified; see note below)
Shihuahuaco (Dipteryx sp.; Luna 1999:68)
3 Months < 6 Months Diet (12 to 25 weeks)
Plants (Plantas)
Cambio de renaco (Unidentified)
Huacra renaco (Unidentified)
Renaquilla con hojas lanuda (Unidentified)
Renaquilla con hojas anchas (Unidentified)
Piñon Blanco (Jatropha curcas)
Piñon Negro, Piñon Colorado (Jatropha gossypifolia)
Sacha Mango (Grias peruviana)
Trees (Palos)
Abuelo renaco (Ficus sp.?)
Chiric sanango (Brunfelsia grandiflora)
Chuchuhuasha, Chuchuhuasa (Heisteria pallida; Duke & Vasquez 1994:85)
Renaquilla hoja menuda (Unidentified)
Renaquilla hoja larga (Unidentified)
Ayahùman

6 Months < 9 Months Diet (26-38 Weeks)
Plants (Plantas)
Camalonga (Thevetia peruviana; Duke & Vasquez 1994:170)
Toe’ (Brugmansia suavolensis; Duke & Vasquez 1994:33)
Trees (Palos)
Ayahùma, Ayahùman (Couropita guianensis; Luna 1999:112). The “cannon-ball tree“.
Chiric sanango (Brunfelsia grandiflora)
Chuchuhuasha, Chuchuhuasa (Heisteria pallida)
Chullachaki caspi (Remijia Peruviana, Duke & Vasquez 1994:149; Brysonima christianeae, Luna 1999:13)
Huaira caspi (Nealchornea yapurensis, Duke & Vasquez 1994:122; Carpotroce grandiflora, Luna 1999:108)
Moena Alcanfor (Ocotea sp., Duke & Vasquez 1994:124)
Uchu sanango (Tabernaemontana maxima, Duke & Vasquez 1994:164)
Lupuna blanca

9 Months < 12Months Diet (39-51 Weeks)
Plants (Plantas)
Camalonga (Thevetia peruviana)
Toe’ (Brugmansia suavolensis)
Trees (Palos)
Ayahùma, Ayahùman (Couropita guianensis; Luna 1999:112). The “cannon-ball tree“.
Chiric sanango (Brunfelsia grandiflora)
Chullachaki caspi (Remijia Peruviana, Duke & Vasquez 1994:149; Brysonima christianeae, Luna 1999:13)
Huaira caspi (Nealchornea yapurensis)
Lupuna blanca (Ceiba pentadra, Duke & Vasquez 1994:48)
Moena Alcanfor (Ocotea sp.)
Shihuahuaco (Dipteryx sp.)
Uchu sanango (Tabernaemontana maxima)
Lupuna blanca

12 Months+ Diet (52 Weeks & over)
Plants (Plantas)
Camalonga (Thevetia peruviana)
Toe’ (Brugmansia suavolensis)
Trees (Palos)
Ayahùma, Ayahùman (Couropita guianensis; Luna 1999:112). The “cannon-ball tree“.
Chiric sanango (Brunfelsia grandiflora)
Chullachaki caspi (Remijia Peruviana, Duke & Vasquez 1994:149; Brysonima christianeae, Luna 1999:13)
Huaira caspi (Nealchornea yapurensis)
Lupuna blanca (Ceiba pentadra)
Moena Alcanfor (Ocotea sp.)
Shihuahuaco (Dipteryx sp.)
Uchu sanango (Tabernaemontana maxima)

Notes
Renaquilla: To the general vernacular name of Renaquilla correspond – according to Duke & Vasquez (1994:83) – the “Clusia rosea” plant. Shipibo maestro Rosendo Marin Lopez, however, distinguished seven different classes of Renaquilla which we were not able to identify. Specifically: Renaquilla con hojas anchas (bush), Renaquilla hoja menuda (tree), Renaquilla hoja larga (tree), Renaquilla con hojas lanuda (bush), Cambio de renaco (bush), Huacra renaco (bush) and Abuelo renaco (tree). The definition “Abuelo” amid the vegetalistas of the Peruvian Amazon refers to the senior status of a teacher plant, and means literally, “Grandfather”.
Anthropologist Luis Eduardo Luna identifies the Renaquilla as belonging to the Ficus sp. (Luna 1999: 54). He also adds that “Its spirit is a Shipibo woman. If those who ingest this plant diet correctly, this Shipibo woman will come to them in their dreams and teach them how to heal with this plant.” (Luna, Ibidem).

Ayahùman: Also known in Peru with the nickname of “cabeza de muerto” (dead person’s head), for the shape of its fruits (see picture above). Reputed especially valuable in protecting one from brujeria (evil sorcery). The fruits are also used by some vegetalistas as “magical” antidote to forms of chickens’ plague.
DUKE, James Alan, VASQUEZ, Rodolfo, Amazonian Ethnobotanical Dictionary, CRC Press, 1994
Luna, L.E. & Amaringo P., Ayahuasca Visions, The Religious Iconography of a Peruvian Shaman, Berkeley 1999
Luna, L.E., Vegetalismo. Shamanism among the Mestizo Population of the Peruvian Amazon, Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, Stockholm Studies in Comparative Religion 27, Stockholm 1986